Improvement in paper vessels



.T. STEVENS.

PAPER VESSEL.

No.175.371. Patented Apr'1118,1,876.

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JOHN STEVENS, OF PORT BYRON, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN PAPER VESSELS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 176,37 l, dated April18, 1876; application filed May 6, 1874.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, JOHN STEVENS, of PortByron, in the county of Cayuga and State of New York, have invented acertain new and useful Improvement in Paper Vessels; and I do herebydeclare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description ofthe construction and operation of the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a vertical section of apail, showing my improvement. Fig. 2 is an enlarged section of one lowercorner of same.

This improvement relates more especially to open vessels, such as pails,850. Such articles have generally been made from pulp, and pressed inmolds. It is difficult to form them with sufficient strength to resistthe rough usage to which they are subjected, especially at the bottom,which comes in contact with the ground or floor, and at that point theysoon break out. To obviate this difficulty I make my vessel of pressedpaper or board, or a combination of the two, and employ an interiormetallic hoop of peculiar construction at the bottom, which forms a stayor stiffener, and supports the bottom of the vessel.

A represents the body of the vessel, which may be made from paper-boardor paper, or a combination of the two. If made of board, the edges areskived and overlapped and cemented by a strong cement. If made of paper,it is overwrapped, layer over layer, till the proper thickness is builtup, being cemented between the layers. If made of combined board andpaper, the latter is simply overwrapped on the former. The cylinder,being thus shaped, is placed in a hollow mandrel or form, and a coreisinserted in the vessel, which is expanded by a screw, wedge, or otherdevice, to produce the necessary compression. B is the lower hoop orstiffener, which is made of metal of any kind. It is formed with aright-angled flange, b, at the bottom, which overlaps and covers thebottom edge or chine of the vessel, and with a reverse right angledflange, b, at the top, which projects inward and serves as a support tothe bottom 0 of the vessel, which is a separate piece, and is madeslightly convex or arching upward, as shown. D is a secondary hoop, madeof paper, metal,

or other suitable material, which also serves as a support to the bottomof the vessel. These hoops are secured on the inner side of the rim ofthe vessel, by which they form stiffeners and stays, as will bepresently described.

The essential novelty in the lower hoop consists in the use of the tworight-angled flanges b b, standing in reverse positions, the upper oneof which stands inwardly sufficiently far to serve as a ledge or supportto the bottom 0, while the lower one covers and protects the lower edgeor chine of the vessel. This flanged form of the hoop also gives itsgreat strength and stiffness, so that it cannot bend or warp out ofplace, and as it is situated inside the rim of the vessel, it keeps thelatter in proper form, and presents the usual smooth appearance of apaper pail. Much difficulty has been heretofore experienced in paperpails, from the breakage of the lower flange or chine, caused by a roughcontact with the ground or floor; also from the roughing up and separa=tion of the fibers of the material at that point, caused by dampness. Myinvention obviates the difficulty, by furnishing a covering to the wholelower edge or chine of the pail, which receives all the contact. Thehoop B is cemented in, and, if desired, may be punchpricked into theoutside paper, and being so stiff and unyielding it can never get out ofplace, and therefore holds the bottom of the vessel much more securelythan has before been done. The ends of the hook are soldered, riveted,or otherwise firmly attached together. The flanges b 1; form lateralribs to the hoop, thereby giving it such a degree of lateral stiifnessthat the bottom of the vessel cannot warp or get out of shape underordinary usage, being in this respect much more effective than anoutside hoop could possibly be. The bottom 0 is cemented in on top ofthe flange I) and against the outer wall of the vessel, and thearchingform causes it to expand when weight is applied on top.

By this means it can never break away, but always remains firm. The bodyof the vessel, inside or out, or both, may be covered with paint,varnish, sizing, or any coating found adapted to the purpose.

not so much to form a stiffener as to enable the metallic hoop B to becemented to the chine of the vessel. This chine, in ordinary pails andsimilar vessels, is very thin, and yields readily to pressure. It has,therefore, been found very difficult to keep it in place while themetallic hoop is being cemented thereto, as it springs off at differentpoints and prevents the forming of a tight joint. But by inserting theinterior or filling hoop the difliculty is overcome. To insert the hoopD it is placed upon a shouldered mandrel, its outside being covered withcement, and is pressed down to place so as to closely fill the space atthe chine. The cement soon secures it to the chine, and the metallichoop can then be applied with facility so as to make a tight joint. Theinterior hoop D also forms a shoulder of suflicient thickness to form,with the flange b of the metal hoop, a firm support for the bottom ofthe vessel.

I do not claim a bottom to a paper vessel, having a projecting rimresting against the interior of the chine; neither do I claim, inconnection therewith, a metallic hoop or metallic lining for securingthe rim but I claim- The combination, in a vessel made of paperboard, ofthe separate filling-hoop D, cemented to the interior of the chine andforming a shoulder thereto, and the interior metallic hoop B, embracingand covering the fillinghoop, and constructed with the reverserightangled flanges b b, one of which projects inward and forms the seatfor the vessel-bottom, while the other projects outward and overlaps andcovers the chine, as herein shown and described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

JOHN STEVENS. Witnesses:

JOHN L. DAVIS, R. F. Oseoon.

